What is an example of a negative effect on the market according to the Fair Use Doctrine?

An example of a negative effect on the market according to the Fair Use Doctrine is when a new work competes with the original work. This situation can undermine the market for the original work, as it may lead consumers to choose the competing work instead of purchasing or engaging with the original. The core principle of the Fair Use Doctrine takes into account not only the purpose and character of the use but also its effect on the market value of the original material. If the new work is seen as a substitute for the original, it can detrimentally impact the profitability and viability of the original creator’s work.

In contrast, the other choices highlight scenarios that generally do not threaten the market value of the original work. Enhancing the value of the original work tends to support its marketability, while distributing free samples or using the work for educational purposes often falls into categories that encourage accessibility and knowledge without necessarily causing market harm.