Which of the following is NOT one of the 4Ps of marketing?

The correct answer is "Projection" because it is not recognized as one of the 4Ps of marketing, which are Product, Place, Price, and Promotion. These four elements are foundational to the marketing mix framework and are essential for effectively bringing a product or service to market.

• Product refers to what is being offered to meet consumer needs, including the quality, features, branding, and packaging.

• Place involves the distribution channels used to deliver the product to customers, ensuring it reaches the right audience in the right location.

• Promotion encompasses the strategies and tactics used to communicate information about the product to potential customers, which may include advertising, public relations, and sales promotions.

While "Projection" may sound related to marketing in certain contexts, it does not pertain to the essential elements that define the marketing mix. By understanding the specific roles of Product, Place, and Promotion, marketers can create a balanced and effective approach to marketing their goods or services.